Communications Chapter 1 Quiz Flashcards | Quizlet Pike, K.L. the knowledge about how to communicate effectively and appropriately and. Hargie, O., Skilled Interpersonal Interaction: Research, Theory, and Practice (London: Routledge, 2011), 9. On the other hand, although there are numerous rules and norms associated with nonverbal communication, we rarely receive explicit instruction on how to do it. Which of the following is the goal of Alexia's communication with Mrs. Philips? b. intrapersonal communication. How would you do this differently to improve situational monitoring. However, research shows that education and training in nonverbal communication can lead to quick gains in knowledge and skill (Riggio, 1992). When did the field of intercultural communication begin in the United States? If we decide to engage in deception, we then have to compose a fabrication or execute some other manipulation strategy that we think is believable. Exam 1 Flashcards | Chegg.com Decades of research conducted by communication scholars shows that communication apprehension is common among college students (Priem & Solomon, 2009). People often decode personality traits from a persons vocal quality. Situation Monitoring: Good Teamwork in the Medical Office. Asking these questions helps employers better understand your thought process and assess your problem-solving, self-management and communication skills. x Chapter 1 Quiz.docx - A high-context culture is one in In terms of sending, the tendency of children to send unmonitored nonverbal signals reduces as we get older and begin to monitor and perhaps censor or mask them (Andersen, 1999). Therefore, a certain amount of tentativeness and mindful monitoring of a persons nonverbal and verbal communication can help us detect deception. Additionally, when people are falsely accused of deception, the signs that they exhibit as a result of the stress of being falsely accused are very similar to the signals exhibited by people who are actually engaging in deception. (Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 1995), 54. Part of being a good listener involves nonverbal-encoding competence, as nonverbal feedback in the form of head nods, eye contact, and posture can signal that a listener is paying attention and the speaker's message is received and understood. Communicative competence does not apply only to oral language. Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard developed the Situational Leadership model in 1969 while working on Management of Organizational Behavior . may have difficulty understanding and using some idioms, figures of speech, and words with multiple meanings. ), Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education. Although those guides may contain many valid rules of nonverbal communication, those rules are always relative to the individual, social, and cultural contexts in which an interaction takes place. Organize and communicate information with patients, families, and healthcare team members in a form that is understandable, avoiding discipline-specific terminology when possible. Which of the following is NOT true of communication in the health care? I dont know whats the problem; its something with his heart. When we combine these terms, we get the following definition: communication competence refers to the knowledge of effective and appropriate communication patterns and the ability to use and adapt that knowledge in various contexts (Cooley & Roach, 1984). Speaking. Mottet, T. P., Steven A. Beebe, Paul C. Raffeld, and Michelle L. Paulsel, The Effects of Student Verbal and Nonverbal Responsiveness on Teachers Liking of Students and Willingness to Comply with Student Requests, Communication Quarterly 52, no. While many states have developed their own sets of standards and may use four, five, or six proficiency levels or apply different labels for each stage (e.g., beginning, early intermediate, intermediate, early advanced, and advanced), the standards outline the progression of English language development in the four domains of listening, speaking, reading, and writing through each of the different levels from novice to proficient. Communicate consistently the importance of teamwork in patient-centered & community-focused care. Pride, & J. Holmes (Eds. Note that proficiency in a language may vary across the four basic language skills. Competence is not independent of the relationships and situations within which communication occurs. Understand How Nonverbal Communication Relates to Listening. Look the part. In general, a persons vocal signature is a result of the physiology of his or her neck, head, and mouth. He drew courage, strength, and inspiration from the memory of the smiling and inquisitive faces of Roman, Marina, Yelena, Augusto, Faridah, and Kumar. Language, identity, and the ownership of English. The head leaning over and being supported by a hand can typically be decoded as a sign of boredom, the thumb supporting the chin and the index finger touching the head close to the temple or eye as a sign of negative evaluative thoughts, and the chin stroke as a sign that a person is going through a decision-making process (Pease & Pease, 2004). Goffman, E., Relations in Public: Microstudies of the Public Order (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2010), 32231. The language proficiency levels are not necessarily connected to cognitive functions. 8.4 Intercultural Communication Competence - Lumen Learning However, this is not the same thing as chronic suspicion, which would not indicate communication competence. Translanguaging and Protected Spaces in a Dual Language Classroom: Tensions Across Restrictionist Policies and Unrestricted Practices. Nonverbal congruence refers to consistency among different nonverbal expressions within a cluster. Examples are provided in Figure 2.6. Cultural competency. We will learn more specifics about nonverbal communication in relational, professional, and cultural contexts in Section 4.1 Principles and Functions of Nonverbal Communication, but we can also gain insight into how to interpret nonverbal cues through personal contexts. In a social situation where one personsay, a supervisorhas more power than anotherfor example, his or her employeethen the supervisor is typically the one who sets the standard for competence. Compare the two. Communication is common in that it is something that we spend most of our time doing, but the ability to make sense of and improve our communication takes competence that is learned through deliberate study and personal reflection. A job interview. In professional and social settings, it is generally OK to touch others on the arm or shoulder. Active listening, for example, combines . Alexia, a medical assistant, explains to Mrs. Philips that the medication is to be taken once a day with a full glass of water. To understand how chronemics relates to nonverbal communication norms, answer the following questions: In what situations is it important to be early? DePaulo, P. J., Applications of Nonverbal Behavior Research in Marketing and Management, Applications of Nonverbal Behavior Theories and Research, ed. Reprinted with permission. Why do I have to worry about English language development standards anyway? moaned Rudi to himself. In terms of seated posture, leaning back is usually decoded as a sign of informality and indifference, straddling a chair as a sign of dominance (but also some insecurity because the person is protecting the vulnerable front part of his or her body), and leaning forward as a signal of interest and attentiveness. You can use facial expressions to manage your expressions of emotions to intensify what youre feeling, to diminish what youre feeling, to cover up what youre feeling, to express a different emotion than youre feeling, or to simulate an emotion that youre not feeling (Metts & Planlap, 2002). People who are more nonverbally expressive typically form more positive initial impressions, because expressivity in the form of immediacy behaviors is attention getting and welcoming. The first part of the definition we will unpack deals with knowledge. Whether you will give your first presentation in this class next week or in two months, you may be one of many students in the introduction to communication studies course to face anxiety about communication in general or public speaking in particular. For ideas about how to find out information about students cultures, see the section called Background in Chapter 3 of this text. D) body language. Public speaking anxiety is common, so dont ignore itconfront it. Regarding the previous examples, we will learn more about paraphrasing in Chapter 5 Listening, conflict management in Chapter 6 Interpersonal Communication Processes, and deception in Chapter 4 Nonverbal Communication. 4.4 Nonverbal Communication in Context. Contextual roles for getting and keeping the floor, turn taking, and the way in which children converse with adults are only a few examples. The counterculture's rejection of the social and economic values of their parent's generation c. The persistence of poverty as a national problem despite an overall affluence d. The baby boom. So smiling, keeping an attentive posture, and offering a solid handshake help communicate confidence and enthusiasm that can be useful on a first date, during a job interview, when visiting family for the holidays, or when running into an acquaintance at the grocery store. As with all aspects of communication, improving your nonverbal communication takes commitment and continued effort. Be open-minded about anothers point of view. In response to both of these comments, I say, Just because I know the concepts and definitions doesnt mean I always put them to good use. Identify the underlined word in the following sentences by writing above it DO for direct object,IO for indirect object, PN for predicate nominative,or PA for predicate adjective. Remember that people enjoy interacting with others who are skilled at nonverbal encoding and decoding, which will be evident in their reactions, providing further motivation and encouragement to hone your skills. While waiting in line for a hot lunch, Rafa, a new teacher in the school, overhears Mrs. Holton telling several native Russian-speaking immigrant students to speak only English. A politician is questioned by a reporter about allegations that she used taxpayer money to fund personal vacations. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. 1.7: Intercultural Communication Competence - Social Sci LibreTexts The situational theory of leadership suggests that no single leadership style is best. C) verbal statements. Change teams are key individuals within a primary care setting responsible for implementing TeamSTEPPS within that organization. Rudi was determined to do just that. My cousin will stay in the hospital for a few days. Which of the following is NOT a method of nonverbal communication? Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. A review of many studies of deception indicates that increased eye blinking is associated with deception, probably because of heightened arousal and cognitive activity (Andersen, 1999). Increasing our awareness of the multiple channels through which we send nonverbal cues can help us make our signals more congruent in the moment. Changing our nonverbal signals can affect our thoughts and emotions. Ethics in the communication competence model is. 476 ch. 5 Flashcards | Quizlet For example, you might know strategies for being an effective speaker, but public speaking anxiety that kicks in when you get in front of the audience may prevent you from fully putting that knowledge into practice. Give timely, sensitive, instructive feedback to others about their performance on the team, responding respectfully as a team member to feedback from others. World-Class Instructional Design and Assessment (WIDA) Consortium consists of 40 partner states, all using the same 2012 amplification of the English language development standards. The cognitive elements of competence include knowing how to do something and understanding why things are done the way they are (Hargie, 2011). When one person leans to the left the next person in line may also lean to the left, and this shift in posture may continue all the way down the line to the end, until someone else makes another movement and the whole line shifts again. Riggio, R. E., Social Interaction Skills and Nonverbal Behavior, in Applications of Nonverbal Behavior Theories and Research, ed. 1 (2009): 5476. Which of the following is the goal of Alexia's communication with Mrs. Philips? 3 (2009): 260. 4.1 Principles and Functions of Nonverbal Communication, 5.4 Listenable Messages and Effective Feedback, 6.1 Principles of Interpersonal Communication, 6.2 Conflict and Interpersonal Communication, 6.3 Emotions and Interpersonal Communication, 6.4 Self-Disclosure and Interpersonal Communication, 8.2 Exploring Specific Cultural Identities, 8.4 Intercultural Communication Competence, 9.2 Researching and Supporting Your Speech, 10.2 Delivery Methods and Practice Sessions, 12.1 Speaking in Personal and Civic Contexts, 14.1 Leadership and Small Group Communication, 14.3 Problem Solving and Decision Making in Groups, 15.1 Technological Advances: From the Printing Press to the iPhone, 15.2 Functions and Theories of Mass Communication, 16.3 New Media, the Self, and Relationships. occasionally make structural and lexical errors. All rights reserved. locate specific, predictable information in simple everyday or environmental print. B) stimulation. In terms of talk time and turn taking, research shows that people who take a little longer with their turn, holding the floor slightly longer than normal, are actually seen as more credible than people who talk too much or too little (Andersen, 1999). The key is to consider students first languages and cultures as resources to be tapped into and built upon. understand phrases and short sentences using familiar vocabulary. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing. When the sideways glance is paired with a slightly raised eyebrow or smile, it is sign of interest. The very nature of productive language implies an audience, although not always an immediate audience, as in the case of writing a book or an e-mail. True False b. Vertical integration is one of the key elements of corporate strategy. have a good command of technical and academic vocabulary as well of idiomatic expressions and colloquialisms. For example, asking an employee to paraphrase their understanding of the instructions you just gave them shows that you are aware that verbal messages are not always clear, that people do not always listen actively, and that people often do not speak up when they are unsure of instructions for fear of appearing incompetent or embarrassing themselves. What makes you think this? Remember, you are not alone. What anxieties do you have regarding communication and/or public speaking? Avoid startling/surprising another person with your touch. What domestic issues damaged Bush's popularity? 1.4 Communication Competence - Communication in the Real World Want to create or adapt books like this? The second guideline for decoding nonverbal signals is to recognize that certain nonverbal signals are related. To improve your competence encoding nonverbal messages, increase your awareness of the messages you are sending and receiving and the contexts in which your communication is taking place. (1982). The primary focus has been on competencies related to speaking and listening, and the NCA notes that developing communication competence in these areas will help people in academic, professional, and civic contexts (Morreale, Rubin, & Jones, 1998). Recognize how ones own uniqueness, including experience level, expertise, culture, power, and hierarchy within the healthcare team, contributes to effective communication, conflict resolution, and positive interprofessional working relationships (University of Toronto, 2008). This regulating function can be useful in initial encounters when we are trying to learn more about another person and in situations where status differentials are present or compliance gaining or dominance are goals. Describe interprofessional communication techniques. 2.2 Perceiving Others - Communication in the Real World Here we trace the role of anthropologist Edward T. Hall in founding the scholarly field of intercultural communication during the 1951-1955 period when he was at the Foreign Service Institute of the U.S. Department of States.. What two primary characteristics distinguish different migrant groups? What communication characteristics do they have that you might want to have yourself? ), Sociolinguistics (pp. This predisposition can lead us to focus on nonverbal cues while overlooking verbal signals of deception. Which of the following is an example of audience? Understanding the different demands of each language domain aids educators in addressing the language learning needs of their ELLs. For example, a posture may be combined with a touch or eye behavior to create what is called a nonverbal cluster (Pease & Pease, 2004). gradually construct meaning from the words themselves. Be aware of the multichannel nature of nonverbal communication. Scenario 3. You ask your roommate if you can borrow his car to go pick up a friend from the train station about ten miles away. As you read the scenario below, think about English language learners (ELLs) you may know. communicate limited information in everyday and routine situations by using memorized phrases, groups of words, and formulas. Self-touches like wringing hands and object-adaptors like playing with a pencil or messing with clothing have been shown to correlate to deception. The use of body language and objects to convey meaning to messages c. A process of offering advice and suggestions and relating similar experiences d. So you may decode a touch from a supervisor differently from the touch of an acquaintance. When I have a problem or complain in a customer service situation, I always make sure to smile at the clerk, manager, or other person before I begin talking to help minimize my own annoyance and set a more positive tone for the interaction. While these actions could indicate such interest, they could also be idiosyncratic. acquire a vocabulary of stock words and phrases covering many daily situations. Is the learners relationship to these languages based on expertise, inheritance, affiliation, or a combination? (p. 418). Getting integrated: Evaluate your speaking and listening competencies based on the list generated by the NCA. Identify good and poorcommunication and situational monitoring techniques. Why or why not? (Eds. Professional contexts? Scenario 2. People can intentionally use facial expressions to try to deceive, and there are five primary ways that this may occur. Studies show that people engage in deception much more than they care to admit. Yet teachers can still promote the use of native languages in their classrooms. Which of the following is a benefit of oral communication over written communication? answer choices. We are faced with new communication encounters regularly, and although we may be able to draw on the communication skills we have learned about and developed, it may take a few instances of conscious incompetence before you can advance to later stages. We learn to decode or interpret nonverbal messages through practice and by internalizing social norms. There are certain nonverbal cues that have been associated with deception, but the problem is that these cues are also associated with other behaviors, which could lead you to assume someone is being deceptive when they are actually nervous, guilty, or excited. In regards to competence, we all have areas where we are skilled and areas where we have deficiencies. begin to use general academic vocabulary and familiar everyday expressions. Speech turns are often thought to correspond to deception, but there is no consensus among researchers as to the exact relationship. may have difficulty expressing all their thoughts due to a restricted vocabulary and a limited command of language structure. While it doesnt always mean a person is being honest, displaying palms is largely unconsciously encoded and decoded as a sign of openness and truthfulness. Start your outline and research early. Our nonverbal communication works to create an unspoken and subconscious cooperation, as people move and behave in similar ways. themes, concepts, genre, characters, and so on. The following statements are about vertical integration. An impression or judgment that a person is intercultural competent is made with respect to both a specific relational context and a particular situational context. If you attended a gathering at the home of a bilingual family, you might only use English while you were there. Which of the following issues of the period was the songwriter most likely concerned with? Keep this in mind the next time you take your seat at a meeting. Norton (1997) claims that, [t]he central questions teachers need to ask are not, What is the learners mother tongue? and Is the learner a native speaker of Punjabi? Rather the teacher should ask, What is the learners linguistic repertoire? CA includes multiple forms of communication, not just public speaking. Since many gestures are spontaneous or subconscious, it is important to raise your awareness of them and monitor them. Communication competence has become a focus in higher education over the past couple of decades as educational policy makers and advocates have stressed a back to basics mentality (McCroskey, 1984). Communication is not only about oral and written language. While each box will focus on a specific aspect of communication competence, this box addresses communication competence more generally. Cooley, R. E., and Deborah A. Roach, A Conceptual Framework, in Competence in Communication: A Multidisciplinary Approach, ed. I would have taken my cousin faster. Chapter 1: Introduction to Communication Studies, Chapter 6: Interpersonal Communication Processes, Chapter 7: Communication in Relationships, Chapter 11: Informative and Persuasive Speaking, Chapter 12: Public Speaking in Various Contexts, Chapter 14: Leadership, Roles, and Problem Solving in Groups, Chapter 15: Media, Technology, and Communication, Chapter 6 Interpersonal Communication Processes, Chapter 12 Public Speaking in Various Contexts, Next: Chapter 2: Communication and Perception, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. TESOL Quarterly 31(3), 409430. In order to put that commonsense knowledge to competent use, we must have a more nuanced understanding of how conflict and interpersonal communication relate and know some conflict management strategies. Facial expressions. Also realize that the norms and expectations for sending nonverbal messages, especially touch and personal space, vary widely between relational and professional contexts. The SLII model is divided into two parts: d. Leadership style and follower development level 6. The research on deception and nonverbal communication indicates that heightened arousal and increased cognitive demands contribute to the presence of nonverbal behaviors that can be associated with deception. In G. Noblit & L. Moll (Eds. Communication competence is needed in order to understand communication ethics, to develop cultural awareness, to use computer-mediated communication, and to think critically. While it is important to recognize that we send nonverbal signals through multiple channels simultaneously, we can also increase our nonverbal communication competence by becoming more aware of how it operates in specific channels. True. Which of the following best describes a communication channel? Source: PreK-12 English Language Proficiency Standards by TESOL. So the nonverbal behaviors that we associate with deception dont actually stem from the deception but the attempts to control the leakage that results from the cognitive and physiological changes. Do you agree with how this was handled? 63-77). often pass through a silent period, during which time the student may not speak English. Maybe I could pantomime or draw a picture? 4.1 Principles and Functions of Nonverbal Communication, 5.4 Listenable Messages and Effective Feedback, 6.1 Principles of Interpersonal Communication, 6.2 Conflict and Interpersonal Communication, 6.3 Emotions and Interpersonal Communication, 6.4 Self-Disclosure and Interpersonal Communication, 8.2 Exploring Specific Cultural Identities, 8.4 Intercultural Communication Competence, 9.2 Researching and Supporting Your Speech, 10.2 Delivery Methods and Practice Sessions, 12.1 Speaking in Personal and Civic Contexts, 14.1 Leadership and Small Group Communication, 14.3 Problem Solving and Decision Making in Groups, 15.1 Technological Advances: From the Printing Press to the iPhone, 15.2 Functions and Theories of Mass Communication, 16.3 New Media, the Self, and Relationships. Do a communication self-assessment. Whether or not we achieve our day-to-day communication goals depends on our communication competence. People may show feelings that they do not actually have, show a higher intensity of feelings than they actually have, try to show no feelings, try to show less feeling than they actually have, or mask one feeling with another. are able to generate simple texts that reflect their knowledge level of syntax. As students navigate through the process of becoming competent users of English, educators awareness of their location along the language learning continuum can help them better address the students needs and build on their strengths. For example, think about the times we have heard an adult language learner say, I can read German, but I cant speak it at all. Likewise, some ELLs may have stronger listening and speaking skills, while others might be stronger writers but not as strong when it comes to speaking. Communication in the Real World by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Competent communication means. For example, we are explicitly taught the verbal codes we use to communicate.
Delayed Feedback In Mass Communication, Cooper Creek Campground Georgia, Ryan Ranellone Teeth, 5 Adenas Walk, Glastonbury, Ct, Articles W