Le quatrième gouvernement Pompidou est marqué par les événements de mai 1968. While the rally was held in the stadium partly for security, the insurrectionary messages of the speakers was dissonant with the relative amenities of the sports venue. Following months of conflicts between students and authorities at the Nanterre campus of the University of Paris (now Paris Nanterre University), the administration shut down the university on 2 May 1968. The events were broadcast on radio as they occurred and the aftermath was shown on television the following day. Minister of Defence Pierre Messmer and Chief of the Defence Staff Michel Fourquet prepared for such an action, and Pompidou had ordered tanks to Issy-les-Moulineaux. « Le Monde » revient dans une série d’articles sur la manière dont le camp conservateur a vécu les « événements ». [9][17][19], From that point, the revolutionary feeling of the students and workers faded away. Les grands événements; Vidéo 3 min. Ensuite, plusieurs écoles d’art et de graphisme « occupent » le Forum -1, dans une forme de réactivation contemporaine des Ateliers populaires d’où étaient sorties les nombreuses affiches de Mai 68. A counter-demonstration organised by the Gaullist party on 29 May in central Paris gave De Gaulle the confidence to dissolve the National Assembly and call for parliamentary elections for 23 June 1968. Abonnez-vous http://bit.ly/inaYouTube 24/05/1968 Déclaration du 1er ministre Georges POMPIDOU lors d'une conférence de presse. A friend of the prime minister offered him a weapon, saying, "You will need it"; Pompidou advised him to go home. Workers gradually returned to work or were ousted from their plants by the police. Rotman, pp. '"[9] Nonetheless, in the weeks that followed, approximately 401 popular action committees were set up in Paris and elsewhere to take up grievances against the government and French society, including the Sorbonne Occupation Committee. He had received a surprisingly high 45% of the vote in the 1965 presidential election. Ouvrir le livre de Mai: Dans le cadre de Mai 68 – Assemblée Générale, le Centre Pompidou projettera une série de 23 entretiens inédits réalisés par la Parole errante (Stéphane Gatti et Jean-Jacques Hocquard) en 2008. Skip to main content Centre Pompidou. As the April 1969 referendum would show, the country was ready for "Gaullism without de Gaulle". Many of the nation's more mainstream singers and poets joined after the police brutality came to light. All criminal charges against arrested students be dropped. Mais ce succès n’empêche pas le maintien des grèves. Mai 68. The police then responded with tear gas and charged the crowd again. D'abord lancé par les étudiants, le mouvement s'étend aux ouvriers qui se mettent en grève. A la mi-mai, sept millions de grévistes paralysent le pays (sur une population active de 20 millions 440 000 personnes, soit un taux jamais vu de 34 % des travailleurs). At the height of events, which have since become known as May 68, the economy of France came to a halt. Avec "Mai-68 à Paris", France Bleu raconte, 50 ans après, la révolte étudiante et ouvrière et la vie quotidienne de l'époque dans la capitale. Contrary to de Gaulle's fears, his party won the greatest victory in French parliamentary history in the legislative election held in June, taking 353 of 486 seats versus the Communists' 34 and the Socialists' 57. The strikes spread to all sectors of the French economy, including state-owned jobs, manufacturing and service industries, management, and administration. Damamme, Gobille, Matonti & Pudal, ed., p. 190. Georges Pompidou, Maurice Couve de Murville, Jacques Chaban-Delmas présents à la manifestation gaulliste de mai 68, le 13 mai 1968 à Paris, France . RL - Dès janvier, l’activité commence autour de l’exposition. The confrontation, which produced hundreds of arrests and injuries, lasted until dawn of the following day. Enfin, un espace de parole, une sorte d’amphithéâtre, conçu par le designer Olivier Vadrot est installé dans l’espace. Despite the size of de Gaulle's triumph, it was not a personal one. mardis, https://www.larevuedesressources.org/Centre-Georges-Pompidou-Assemblee-generale-Stephane-Gatti-1-4.html. "[4], In February 1968, the French Communists and French Socialists formed an electoral alliance. Although the Socialists did not have the Communists' ability to form large street demonstrations, they had more than 20% of the country's support. Workers went back to their jobs, and when the elections were held in June, the Gaullists emerged stronger than before. When the trade union leadership negotiated a 35% increase in the minimum wage, a 7% wage increase for other workers, and half normal pay for the time on strike with the major employers' associations, the workers occupying their factories refused to return to work and jeered their union leaders. Mai 68 reste cependant un modèle et un mythe, notamment dans son expression joyeuse et créative. By the middle of May, demonstrations extended to factories, though its workers' demands significantly varied from that of the students. Immediately after the speech, about 800,000 supporters marched through the Champs-Élysées waving the national flag; the Gaullists had planned the rally for several days, which attracted a crowd of diverse ages, occupations, and politics. Contexte. Partager. The event runs until 20 May. La manifestation est gratuite et largement ouverte à tous. High school student unions spoke in support of the riots on 6 May. Alain Geismar—one of the leaders of the time—later stated that the movement had succeeded "as a social revolution, not as a political one. More than 20,000 students, teachers and supporters marched towards the Sorbonne, still sealed off by the police, who charged, wielding their batons, as soon as the marchers approached. Celles-ci ne parvenaient pas à s’exprimer par les voies politiques traditionnelles. Pompidou et Mai 68. I have decided to leave: nobody attacks an empty palace." The post-crisis survey showed that a majority of the country saw de Gaulle as too old, too self-centered, too authoritarian, too conservative, and too anti-American. Point. Le Centre Pompidou se fait aussi l’écho d’autres événements qui se déroulent ailleurs dans Paris. Avec Alain Pompidou. [17] The canceling of the ministerial meeting, and the president's mysterious disappearance, stunned the French,[9] including Pompidou, who shouted, "He has fled the country! Entre temps, de nombreuses révoltes populaires ont eu lieu dans le monde. I love America for that very reason. Cette « tapisserie de Bayeux de Mai 68 » offre un récit visuel et textuel de la créativité exceptionnelle de Mai 68. Édouard Balladur later wrote that as prime minister, Pompidou "by himself was the whole government" as most officials were "an incoherent group of confabulators" who believed that revolution would soon occur. [16], The Socialists saw an opportunity to act as a compromise between de Gaulle and the Communists. C’est à cette occasion qu’un marathon d’affiche contestataire à été mis en place. Mesdames et Messieurs, Paris vient de vivre des journées graves. The police retook the Sorbonne on 16 June. It would be regrettable if blood were shed in my personal defense. La création du Centre Pompidou en 1977 a fait souffler un vent de liberté sur la culture. [1], On 24 May two people died at the hands of the out of control rioters. Georges Pompidou sur les conséquences des émeutes de mai 68 JT 20H video 14 mai 1968 2628 vues 01min 08s Au perchoir de l'Assemblée, le Premier ministre Georges Pompidou revient sur les journées d'émeutes à Paris. American artists also began voicing support of the strikers. En mai 68, l'un était archevêque de Paris, l'autre Premier ministre. The presidential helicopter did not arrive in Colombey, however, and de Gaulle had told no one in the government where he was going. While the crowd dispersed, some began to create barricades out of whatever was at hand, while others threw paving stones, forcing the police to retreat for a time. [14], As the upheaval reached its apogee in late May, major trade unions met with employers' organizations and the French government to produce the Grenelle agreements, which would increase the minimum wage 35% and all salaries 10%, and granted employee protections and a shortened working day. When the Sorbonne reopened, students occupied it and declared it an autonomous "people's university". One official reportedly began burning documents, while another asked an aide how far they could flee by automobile should revolutionaries seize fuel supplies. Entre réactivation, relectures et discussions collectives, c’est précisément cet esprit de Mai qu’il est bon de fêter et d’interroger ! Instead, the protesters became even more active. Paris, Posters of a Revolution Collection, Marking the French Social Revolution of 1968, Barricades of May ’68 Still Divide the French, Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks (Third Russian Revolution), Human rights movement in the Soviet Union, Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War, 1968 student demonstrations in Yugoslavia, 1968 Democratic National Convention protest activity, Third World Liberation Front strikes of 1968, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=May_68&oldid=999766874, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Heavy police repression of the protesters led France's trade union confederations to call for sympathy strikes, which spread far more quickly than expected to involve 11 million workers, more than 22% of the total population of France at the time. Il s’agit aussi de donner l’idée de l’impact des slogans de Mai dans une France sans journaux, radio ni télévision (en grève). [1] The protests reached such a point that political leaders feared civil war or revolution; the national government briefly ceased to function after President Charles de Gaulle secretly fled France to Germany at one point. Crédit photo : Robert Schediwy, 1968. Workers put forward a broader, more political and more radical agenda, demanding the ousting of the government and President de Gaulle and attempting, in some cases, to run their factories. Guide to the Paris Student Revolt Collection. [9] (One scholar, otherwise skeptical of the French Communists' willingness to maintain democracy after forming a government, has claimed that the "moderate, nonviolent and essentially antirevolutionary" Communists opposed revolution because they sincerely believed that the party must come to power through legal elections, not armed conflict that might provoke harsh repression from political opponents. [17] The Communist movement was largely centered around the Paris metropolitan area, and not elsewhere. 18-19, tous les jours sauf Hundreds more students were arrested. Beginning in May 1968, a period of civil unrest occurred throughout France, lasting some seven weeks and punctuated by demonstrations, general strikes, as well as the occupation of universities and factories. Jean-Max Colard - Le Centre Pompidou est un héritier complexe de Mai 68. du Cnap) conçu en 2016 pour être une salle de conférence nomade, tiendra lieu d’Amphi, cœur battant du dispositif de Mai 68 – Assemblée Générale. ", https://www.gerrishfineart.com/mai-68,-%27travailleurs-la-lutte-continue%27,-screenprint,-1968~1795, "Tout Va Bien, directed by Jean-Luc Godard and Jean-Pierre Gorin | Film review", "Claude Nougaro, French Singer, Is Dead at 74", "Keith Richards: 'These Riffs Were Built To Last A Lifetime, "MAYO DEL 68: La música de la revolución", Lipstick Traces: A Secret History of the 20th Century, The Most Radical Gesture: The Situationist International in a Postmodern Age, '1968: The general strike and the student revolt in France', The French May and the Shift of Paradigm of Collective Action. Tous les jours, des grands témoins et des invités y prennent la parole ; des lectures (interventions ou textes contemporains de l’événement) y sont aussi faites en public. On Friday, 10 May, another huge crowd congregated on the Rive Gauche. The period is considered a cultural, social and moral turning point in the history of the country. When. Navigation de la page : charge du contenu dynamiquement ‹ › Intervention de Georges Pompidou lors de la séance du 14 mai 1968; Pierre Cot, député de la Savoie, du Rhône, puis de Paris de 1928 à 1968, apparenté au groupe Communiste; Back to calendar. Durant le mois de mai 1968, Georges Pompidou, Premier ministre du gênerai de Gaulle depuis avril 1962, est apparu aux yeux des contemporains comme « l'homme d'État qui a tenu tête presque seul sur tous les fronts », selon la formule de François Mauriac. Quels sont les liens entre Mai 68 et le Centre Pompidou, ouvert dix ans plus tard, en 1977 ? In Paris, Phillipe Metherion, 26, was stabbed to death during an argument among demonstrators. After the publication of their wishes, the students left the building without any trouble. The event is over. He announced an election, scheduled for 23 June, and ordered workers to return to work, threatening to institute a state of emergency if they did not. Beginning in May 1968, a period of civil unrest occurred throughout France, lasting some seven weeks and punctuated by demonstrations, general strikes, as well as the occupation of universities and factories. Although the disappearance was real and not intended as motivation, it indeed had such an effect on France. Il hébergera une riche programmation de conférences, de débats et de performances, dans une proximité et un échange avec le public. De Gaulle et Pompidou : face à Mai 68, ils étaient deux SAISON 2018 - 2019 10h06, le 03 avril 2019 , modifié à 10h42, le 03 avril 2019 A Massu persuaded the discouraged de Gaulle to return to France; now knowing that he had the military's support, de Gaulle rescheduled the meeting of the Council of Ministers for the next day, 30 May,[9] and returned to Colombey by 6:00 pm[17] His wife Yvonne gave the family jewels to their son and daughter-in-law—who stayed in Baden for a few more days—for safekeeping, however, indicating that the de Gaulles still considered Germany a possible refuge. Someone who took part in or supported this period of unrest is referred to as soixante-huitard (literally a "68-er") — a term, derived from the French for "68", which has also entered the English language. Et la manifestation s’ouvre les 28 et 29 avril avec un nouveau week-end Imagine conçu avec France Culture et intitulé « L’Esprit de Mai ». However, by late May, the flow of events changed. À l’occasion du cinquantième anniversaire de Mai 68, une fresque rassemblant des affiches et des slogans occupe le forum du Centre Pompidou, dans le cadre … « Il comprenait Mai 68 mais ne l’acceptait pas, alors que de Gaulle ne comprenait pas. "I wanted the [sings] to sound like a French police siren. En coproduction avec les Beaux-Arts de, l’ENSAD Paris, la HEAD HES-SO de Genève, la Villa Arson à Nice, l’ESAD d’Amiens, l’ESAC de Cambrai, l’Université Paris Ouest-Nanterre, l’Université Paris VIII et le Collectif Fabrication Maison / éd. Les discours parlementaires de mai 68. "Pompidou ne voit pas les manifestants de Mai 68 comme des trublions, mais comme l'expression d'un mouvement de fond d'aspiration à la culture", souligne Claude Mollard. (30% of Communist voters agreed.)[5]. The government's heavy-handed reaction brought on a wave of sympathy for the strikers. On 28 May, François Mitterrand of the Federation of the Democratic and Socialist Left declared that "there is no more state" and stated that he was ready to form a new government. [9], On 30 May, 400,000 to 500,000 protesters (many more than the 50,000 the police were expecting) led by the CGT marched through Paris, chanting: "Adieu, de Gaulle!" Bless their hearts. 33% would have fought a military intervention, while only 5% would have supported it and a majority of the country would have avoided any action. De Gaulle refused Pompidou's request that he dissolve the National Assembly as he believed that their party, the Gaullists, would lose the resulting election. Mai 68 appelait les gens à participer. 16 Feb 2008 13h30 - 20h30 Medias. That it did not also guard Paris City Hall despite reports of that being the Communists' target was evidence of governmental chaos. That was the year that all that stuff was going on in Paris and in London. Durant le mois de mai 1968, Georges Pompidou, Premier ministre du général de Gaulle depuis avril 1962, est apparu aux yeux des contemporains comme «l'homme d'État qui a tenu tête presque seul sur tous les fronts», selon la formule de François Mauriac. Cet ancrage historique nous invite plutôt à proposer une manifestation pleinement contemporaine, qui interroge la permanence de Mai 68 au présent. the authorities reopen Nanterre and Sorbonne. Allegations were made that the police had participated in the riots, through agents provocateurs, by burning cars and throwing Molotov cocktails.[8]. [9], At 2:30 p.m. on 30 May, Pompidou persuaded de Gaulle to dissolve the National Assembly and call a new election by threatening to resign. The resulting casualties could have incited a revolution, with the military moving from the provinces to retake Paris as in 1871. The Communists agreed to the election, and the threat of revolution was over. Comment la manifestation « Mai 68, Assemblée générale » se présente-t-elle ? D’autres manifestations, d’autres expressions de cet anniversaire seront visibles et sensibles au Centre Pompidou : au Musée un hommage à Jean-Jacques Lebel et un éclairage sur les affiches situationnistes ; à la Bibliothèque Kandinsky, pour les chercheurs, une valorisation des archives en lien avec Mai 1968 ; en salle, un cycle de films documentaires imaginé par la Bpi et un autre de cinéma expérimental issu des collections du Musée ; sur la piazza, se produiront les fanfares de la Grande Masse des Beaux-Arts… Un colloque sur les mémoires de Mai 1968 est également organisé en collaboration avec la Bibliothèque nationale de France et les Archives nationales.